TL;DR

Flat-packing floor beef earlier than freezing will make for faster thawing. Thawing within the microwave is the quickest technique, however requires you to flip and rotate the meat because it thaws, in addition to prepare dinner it instantly to forestall it from sitting within the hazard zone. Thawing your beef in a bowl of chilly water can be a comparatively fast technique, however requires you  to vary the water each half-hour to take care of its temperature. Probably the most hands-off technique—thawing within the fridge—can be the longest, however is the one one which ensures your beef won’t ever enter the temperature hazard zone in case your fridge is calibrated appropriately.

Floor beef is the star of many well-liked weeknight dishes: It may be used to make an expensive bolognese, formed into juicy burgers, or rapidly became a taco filling on a busy night. For that purpose, many individuals preserve the versatile protein of their freezers, able to thaw at a second’s discover. However defrosting beef isn’t so simple as eradicating it from the freezer and setting it in your kitchen counter—the way you thaw the meat impacts not solely how lengthy it would take to defrost, but additionally whether or not the meat is secure to prepare dinner and eat as soon as thawed. To find out one of the best ways to defrost beef, I froze 10 kilos of floor beef utilizing 5 well-liked and oft-recommended strategies.

Why It is Essential to Defrost Floor Beef Accurately

Defrosting meat generally is a nuisance, particularly if you happen to’ve forgotten to take away it from the freezer and place it within the fridge the day earlier than you propose to prepare dinner it (probably the most dependable technique). As tempting as it’s to dunk your package deal of floor beef right into a bowl of scorching water or to depart it close to your radiator, doing both of this stuff locations the food within the temperature hazard zone (40 to 140ºF or 4.5 to 60ºC). That is the vary during which micro organism like Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus can simply multiply, growing the chance of meals poisoning. 

“If the pathogens are current when meat is floor, then extra of the meat floor is uncovered to the dangerous micro organism,” the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) notes. Moreover, “grinding permits any micro organism current on the floor to be combined all through the meat.” Sadly, cooking doesn’t essentially kill off all of those bacterial strains, and, as is the case with most proteins, together with hen and turkey, one of the best ways to cut back the chance of meals poisoning is to maintain the meat out of the hazard zone by safely thawing it after which cooking it properlyThere are solely three thawing strategies the USDA recommends: within the fridge, in a bowl of chilly water, or within the microwave, however there are a selection of widespread unsanctioned strategies generally utilized by residence cooks, as properly.

How We Examined

To find out one of the best ways to thaw floor beef, I examined the three USDA-approved strategies outlined above, together with two questionable however widespread practices: at room temperature and below operating water within the sink. I recorded how lengthy every technique took and, utilizing an instant-read thermometer, logged the temperature of the meat at numerous intervals all through the method to find out if the meat ever hit the hazard zone. 

As Kenji, Severe Eats culinary director emeritus and meals science whiz, has written beforehand, flattening meals earlier than freezing can velocity up each the method of freezing and thawing, because it maximizes the ratio of floor space to quantity. With this in thoughts, I examined every of the defrosting strategies with two one-pound units of floor beef: one set that I flattened into one centimeter discs and one other that I froze in 3 1/2 by 3 1/2 by 2-inch blocks, which has similarities to how floor beef is packaged and offered at most US grocery shops. After measuring the ten one-pound parts and inserting them in tightly sealed zip-top luggage, I froze them till strong earlier than continuing with my defrosting assessments. For every technique, I solely opened the sealed luggage to examine the temperature of the meat at numerous thawing intervals.

The Most Widespread Strategies for Thawing Floor Beef: Examined

Fridge

Methodology
I set the frozen flat-packed floor beef and block of floor beef on a rimmed baking sheet (to gather any leaking juices), then positioned them within the fridge till they have been absolutely thawed.

How Secure Is It?
Defrosting within the fridge is probably the most hands-off solution to thaw floor beef. Based on Meredith Carothers, a meals security specialist with the USDA, it’s additionally the most secure, supplied that  your fridge is calibrated to constantly preserve a temperature beneath 40ºF (4ºC), as this ensures that the meat won’t ever attain hazard zone temperatures. (In case your fridge will not be correctly calibrated, all the perishable meals in it will likely be within the hazard zone, which is why we suggest utilizing a backup thermometer to make certain your fridge’s inside thermometer is correct.) As soon as defrosted within the fridge, floor beef will be safely saved for an extra TK days, in line with the USDA.

The Outcomes
Of all of the strategies I examined, defrosting within the fridge took the longest: the flattened package deal took virtually 20 hours to thaw, whereas the block took about 24 hours to thaw.

 Packaging Format  Defrosting Time
 Flat  About 19 hours
 Block  About 24 hours

Microwave

Methodology
In case your microwave has a “defrost” setting, the USDA recommends utilizing that setting to thaw floor beef. To defrost floor beef within the microwave, I eliminated the frozen beef from its packaging, positioned it on a microwave-safe plate, then thawed it utilizing my microwave’s “defrost” setting. In case your microwave doesn’t have this setting, it’s best to defrost your meals at 30% energy to forestall the bottom beef from starting to prepare dinner throughout defrosting. The USDA additionally recommends rotating and flipping the meat all through the method to make sure even thawing, and suggests utilizing a spoon or spatula to take away thawed parts of the meat to assist the remaining beef thaw extra simply.

The time it takes to defrost meat within the microwave will rely in your microwave’s wattage. I examined in my 1200W microwave, which has a defrost setting particularly for meat; in line with the producer, the microwave alternates between 20 to 30% energy to “guarantee even thawing” of the meat. 

How Secure Is It?
The microwave is one in every of simply two fast defrosting strategies the USDA recommends. Nonetheless, meals thawed this manner should be cooked instantly after it is defrosted for the reason that microwave kickstarts the cooking course of. 

Outcomes
Of the 5 strategies I examined, the microwave was by far the quickest. The flat-packed package deal defrosted three minutes sooner than the block. Nonetheless, the meat was far more inconsistently thawed, with the sides starting to prepare dinner whereas the middle remained frozen. The feel was additionally a lot drier after I cooked the bottom beef. Although the block of frozen meat took barely longer, it thawed extra evenly—and had fewer spots start to prepare dinner. Defrosting within the microwave is an possibility if you happen to’re in a pinch, however when you have time, we undoubtedly suggest the fridge technique over this one.

 Packaging Format Defrosting Time in 1200W Microwave 
 Flat  7 minutes 45 seconds
 Block  10 minutes 57 seconds

Chilly Water

Methodology
I submerged every of the packages of frozen beef in a bowl of chilly faucet water. Based on Carothers, chilly faucet water within the approximate vary of 55 to 65ºF (12 to 18ºC) is ok for defrosting so long as you prepare dinner the meat instantly after defrosting. It’s important to vary the water each half-hour to be able to guarantee it stays within the beneficial temperature vary and to maintain the thawing course of shifting. As the meat thaws, the water surrounding it would turn into cooler, ultimately changing into chilly sufficient to hamper the defrosting course of. It’s additionally essential that the bag is absolutely sealed to forestall any water from coming into the package deal of meat.

How Secure Is It?
The USDA considers thawing in chilly water to be a secure technique, so long as you modify the water each half-hour and prepare dinner the meat instantly after thawing.

Outcomes
The flat-packed floor beef defrosted in simply half-hour—which meant that I didn’t even have to vary the water. The block of beef, then again, took an hour and quarter-hour. The flattened beef additionally thawed far more evenly; utilizing an instant-read thermometer, I took the temperature of the meat and solely noticed 5ºF (2ºC) distinction between the middle of the package deal and its edges. Conversely, the block’s edges reached 50.5ºF (10.2ºC) after an hour, however remained 29ºF (-1.7ºC) on the core.

 Packaging Format  Defrosting Time
 Flat  half-hour
 Block  1 hour quarter-hour

Working Water

Methodology
Many residence cooks and professionals place packaged frozen meals below a operating faucet to hurry up the defrosting time, however it’s not a USDA-approved technique—plus, it wastes water and inconveniently occupies the sink for a considerable period of time. This technique can be not considerably sooner than the chilly water technique outlined above. Although the flat pack was finished thawing in 25 minutes—5 minutes sooner than within the bowl of water—the block took an hour and 22 minutes to defrost, longer than the chilly water within the bowl. 

How Secure Is It?
This technique will not be endorsed by the USDA and we don’t suggest it, as it’s as loud as operating a vacuum cleaner, a waste of water, and never significantly sooner than different strategies.

Outcomes

 Packaging Format  Defrosting Time
 Flat  25 minutes
 Block  1 hour 22 minutes

Room Temperature

Methodology
I positioned the 2 packages of frozen beef on separate rimmed baking sheets on my kitchen counter and allow them to sit at 74ºF (23ºC) till thawed. Utilizing an instant-read thermometer, I took the temperature of the meat roughly each 10 minutes to make sure that meals wasn’t sitting within the hazard zone. 

How Secure Is It?
The USDA doesn’t suggest this technique, and the 2 meals security consultants I spoke with—Carothers and Catherine Nettles Cutter, a meals science professor at Penn State College—suggested in opposition to thawing meat at room temperature. It’s because your meals is prone to hit the hazard zone, which will increase the chance of foodborne diseases. Based on the USDA, meals shouldn’t sit within the hazard zone for longer than two hours—one hour if the house is above 90ºF (32ºC). 

Although I didn’t sicken myself with my assessments, consuming meals that has been thawed improperly is particularly harmful for at-risk populations, together with pregnant folks, kids below the age of 5, people who find themselves aged 65 or older , or those that are immunocompromised.

Outcomes
The flat-packed meat defrosted in simply over an hour and a half and by no means reached the hazard zone. The block of frozen meat, nevertheless, took a bit of over three hours—twice so long as the flat-packed beef—and the outer edges of the meat hit the hazard zone for about 10 minutes earlier than I refrigerated it.

 Packaging Format  Defrosting Time
 Flat 1 hour 36 minutes
 Block About 3 hours

What Is the Quickest Strategy to Defrost Beef?

The microwave is the quickest: The equipment absolutely thawed each the flattened package deal and block of floor beef in simply 10 minutes. Nonetheless, this technique didn’t thaw the meat constantly, and the sides of the meat cooked earlier than the middle may even thaw. As a result of this technique jumpstarts the cooking technique, you could prepare dinner the meat instantly after thawing it within the microwave. Thawing your beef in a bowl of chilly water can be a superb possibility if you happen to’re in a rush, however you’ll have to change the water each half-hour to take care of its temperature.

Which Methodology for Defrosting Floor Beef Produced the Finest Outcomes Total?

Whereas defrosting within the fridge takes the longest, it’s the most secure and most hands-off solution to thaw floor beef. And in contrast to the microwave different strategies, thawing within the fridge permits you to safely retailer the bottom beef for an extra two days within the fridge as soon as it is thawed. It additionally has no damaging impression on the feel of the meat, in contrast to the microwave technique. For that purpose, we suggest thawing floor beef within the fridge if you’ll be able to plan forward and have the time to spare.








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